Main Article Content
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and conventional chemotherapy is often limited by non-specific targeting, systemic toxicity, and poor therapeutic efficacy. Recent advances in nanotechnology have introduced nanoformulation-based drug delivery systems as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations. Nanoparticles, typically below 100 nm in size, enhance drug stability, solubility, bioavailability, and selective accumulation in tumor tissues through passive and active targeting mechanisms such as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Various nanoformulations including nanocrystals, nanocapsules, nanospheres, nanosponges, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, and vesicular systems have been explored for cancer therapy. Among chemopreventive agents, resveratrol—a natural polyphenolic compound—has gained significant attention due to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anticancer properties. However, its clinical application is limited by poor solubility, low bioavailability, and rapid metabolism. Nano-encapsulation of resveratrol effectively addresses these challenges by improving its pharmacokinetic profile, enhancing cellular uptake, and enabling controlled and targeted delivery. Resveratrol-based nanoformulations have demonstrated improved anticancer efficacy against various cancers, including breast, lung, colon, and prostate cancers, by modulating key molecular pathways and inducing apoptosis while reducing systemic toxicity. Thus, nanoformulation-based delivery of resveratrol represents a promising approach for effective cancer prevention and therapy.